ETHNOMEDICINAL PLANTS USES FOR THE TREATMENT OF DIFFERENT AILMENTS BY LOCAL PEOPLE OF DISTRICT BHAKKAR, PUNJAB, PAKISTAN

Abstract

Many human illnesses are addressed by plant-based medicines because medicinal plants are a rich source of bioactive chemicals. The major goal of this study is to compile information on the traditional uses of medicinal plants by indigenous groups in District Bhakkar, Punjab, Pakistan. Ethnobotanical data were collected from 130 local informants to document health problems prevalent in the region. The information was gathered through structured questionnaires and in-person interviews during field excursions. District Bhakkar, with its diverse habitat including the Thal desert and fertile lands along the Indus River, hosts 69 plant species across 36 families used by locals. Poaceae was the dominant family, represented by six species. Ethnobotanical data revealed that 52% of the species were used for medicinal purposes, 16% as food, 13% as fodder, 5% for wood, 6% as ornamentals, 2% for crafts, and 2% as insect repellents. Among the 69 documented species, 21 were trees, 26 were shrubs, and 22 were herbs. Poaceae dominates with 6 species. Ethnobotanical data shows 52% medicinal, 16% food, 13% fodder, 5% wood, 6% ornamental, 2% for crafts, and 2% as insect repellents. Of 69 species, 21 are trees, 26 shrubs, 22 herbs. The findings demonstrate that the indigenous population continues to rely on medicinal plants for treating various ailments in their daily lives. This study highlights the importance of ethnobotanical knowledge and can inform local government agencies in developing strategies to conserve these valuable natural resources.